ABSTRACT

Nitrate is a naturally occurring compound, however, its concentrations in groundwater can increase in response to certain human activities (e.g., fertilizing crops and recreational areas) and threaten human health when consumed in high concentrations. Surrounding studies focus on the contributing factors to nonpoint-source pollution of nitrate and adverse health outcomes of nitrate consumption respectively. This solution-based study aims to identify and understand the relevant stakeholders, at-risk populations, and potential actions and their associated barriers to reducing nitrate consumption via drinking water in Nebraska. Stakeholder interviews were conducted with agricultural professionals, policymakers, public health officials, water quality experts, educators, community leaders, and economists to gain insight into the status of nitrate contamination in the state along with its repercussions on human health and wellbeing. The findings, supplemented by background literature, suggest a disproportionate risk of nitrate exposure in rural areas of Nebraska, particularly among residents who rely on private wells for drinking water as they lack the testing and treatment mandates of Nebraska’s public water systems. The primary solutions for this population include regular water testing and investment in water treatment options. However, these populations may face a bevy of barriers to ensuring safe drinking water such as their status of property management, a lack of awareness of adverse health risks, and difficulty to access appropriate medical care. Consequently, the team produced a graphic informing decision-makers at various levels.
 

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This work was supported by the Water, Climate and Health Program, UNMC College of Public Health project, Health and Economic Impact Analysis of Nitrate Contamination of Groundwater in Nebraska, and the Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute at the University of Nebraska.